Located on the northern coast of the province and part of the Yaguajay district (some 48 kilometers from the provincial capital), it is made up of a dozen small cays scattered across the environs of the Caguanes peninsula, hence its name. It constitutes an important biosphere reserve in Cuba thanks to its extensive areas of coastal mangroves and caverns that provide fine nesting space for over 110 bird species, some of these migratory.

As a whole, the park grants sanctuary to 200 animal and plant species, 24 of them endemic to the park, rendering it considerably attractive to nature loving visitors.